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Y-DNA / Haplogroup Prediction
Haplogroups - Tracing Deep Ancestry
The Y-DNA haplogroup tree is a "global family tree" which outlines how all of the people living today descended from a common male ancestor who lived in Africa approximately 100,000 years ago.
Each Y-DNA haplogroup can be considered a major branch in the global family tree.
My Y-DNA haplogroup indicates the region of the world my paternal line originated as well as the migration patterns of my ancestors in that line. Within each haplogroup, there are further branches, known as "sub-clades", which provide further resolution to my ancestry.
My Y-DNA haplogroup can be predicted using my Y-DNA STR markers. Once my haplogroup is predicted, the journeys of my ancestors can be confirmed with Y-DNA SNP testing.
Prediction Results
Based on the Y-DNA STR marker results of my DNA, the predicted haplogroup of my paternal line (the paternal line of Giovanni Battista Martinelli's father) indicates the closest match to Haplogroup R (Medium Match). The predicted subclade is R1b.
Overview of Haplogroup R
Your Predicted Y-DNA Haplogroup is R1b
Another important branch of Haplogroup P is Haplogroup R. Individuals belonging to Haplogroup R carry the distinct Haplogroup P marker M45, but are further distinguished by an additional marker in their Y-DNA called M173. The presence of the M173 marker is unique to all individuals who descended from this line and can be confirmed with SNP testing.
The man who founded Haplogroup R lived in North West Asia approximately 30,000 years ago. His descendents migrated into Europe and many regions of Europe.
Haplogroup R has several major sub-branches:
R1a, which is very common the Slavic populations of Eastern Europe;
R1b, which is associated with the Cro-Magnon people of western Europe; and
R2, which is found mainly in India.
The founder of the R1b lineage lived over 35,000 years ago prior to the end of the last Ice Age in southern Europe and Iberia. Members of Haplogroup R1b are believed to be descendants of Cro-Magnon people, the first modern humans to enter Europe. Cro-Magnons lived from about 35,000 to 10,000 years ago in the Upper Paleolithis period of the Pleistocene.
Cro-Magnons were anatomically modern, differing from their modern day descendants in Europe by their slightly more robust physiology. Cro-Magnons buried their dead intentionally, and likely had a knowledge of ritual, by burying their dead with necklaces and tools. Surviving Cro-Magnon artifacts include huts, cave paintings, carvings and antler-tipped spears. It is believed that the Cro-Magnon came into contact with the Neanderthals, who inhabited Europe 230,00 to 29,000 years ago and is thought to have caused the extinction of the Neanderthals. There is also recent fossil evidence that the Cro-Magnon people interbred with the Neanderthals.
When the ice sheets retracted at the end of the ice age, descendents of the R1b lineage migrated throughout western Europe. Today, Haplogroup R1b is found predominantly in western Europe, including England, Ireland, and parts of Spain and Portugal. It is especially concentrated in the west of Ireland where it can approach 100% of the population.
This haplogroup contains the well known Atlantic Modal STR Haplotype (AMH). AMH is the most frequently occurring haplotype amongst human males with an Atlantic European ancestry. It is also the haplotype of Niall of the Nine Hostages, an Irish King in the Dark Ages who is the common ancestor of many people of Irish patrilineal descent.
A comparison of my DNA to Niall of the Nine Hostages indicates 13 overlapping markers with 8 being idendical. This gives me a genetic distance of 4 which means I am not a direct decendant, but a lot closer than I am to Genghis Khan where I share 24 overlapping markers with only 4 identical but a genetic distance of 27 or Thomas Jefferson with whom I share 16 overlapping markers with 1 being identical with a genetic distance of 20. (There are less overlapping but they are closer in value which gives me a closer genetic distance. However, there is no relationship to either person even so.)
This page was last modified on Monday, January 07, 2008 |
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